America’s Bald Eagle Population Continues to Soar

03/24/2021
Last edited 03/24/2021

Date: Wednesday, March 24, 2021 
Contact: Interior_Press@ios.doi.gov

WASHINGTON – Populations of the American bald eagle — the bold national symbol of the United States — have quadrupled since 2009, according to a new report by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and its partners. Bald eagles once teetered on the brink of extinction, reaching an all-time low of 417 known nesting pairs in 1963 in the lower 48 states. However, after decades of protection, the banning of the pesticide DDT, and conservation efforts with numerous partners, the bald eagle population has flourished, growing to more than 71,400 nesting pairs.

According to scientists from the Service’s Migratory Bird Program, the bald eagle population climbed to an estimated 316,700 individual bald eagles in the lower 48 states. This indicates the bald eagle population has continued to increase rapidly since our previous survey. The information is now available in the new technical report: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Final Report: Bald Eagle Population Size: 2020 Update.

“Today’s announcement is truly a historic conservation success story. Announcements like ours today give me hope. I believe that we have the opportunity of a lifetime to protect our environment and our way of life for generations to come. But we will only accomplish great things if we work together,” said U.S. Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland.

“The recovery of the bald eagle is one of the most well-known conservation success stories of all time,” said Service Principal Deputy Director Martha Williams. “The Service continues to work with our partners in state and federal agencies, tribes, non-government organizations and with private landowners to ensure that our nation’s symbol continues to flourish.”

To estimate the bald eagle population in the lower 48 states, Migratory Bird Program pilot biologists and observers from many Service regions, programs and contract observers conducted aerial surveys over a two-year period in 2018 and 2019. The Service flew aerial surveys over high-density eagle nesting areas to generate accurate estimates and count occupied nesting territories. To obtain information on the lower density eagle nesting areas, the agency worked with the Cornell Lab of Ornithology to use eBird relative abundance data to acquire information on the areas that were not practical to fly as part of our aerial surveys.

“Working with Cornell to integrate data from our aerial surveys with eBird relative abundance data on bald eagles is one of the most impressive ways the Service has engaged with citizen science programs to date,” stated Service Assistant Director for Migratory Bird Program Jerome Ford. “This critical information was imperative to accurately estimate the bald eagle population in the contiguous United States, and we look forward to working with Cornell in the future.”

“One of our main objectives was to see if population modeling based on the Cornell Lab’s eBird data would enhance the survey work the Service was already doing,” said Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez, Assistant Director of Cornell Lab’s Center for Avian Population Studies, who supervised the lab’s role in this partnership. “We now have greater confidence in using our results to supplement the Service’s monitoring efforts, and we’re hoping that this will allow the Service to track bald eagle populations over a much wider area in the most cost-effective manner in the future.”

Based on those two major sets of data for this population estimate, the Service next created an integrated population model to expand the estimates of the number of occupied nests across the plot area to estimates of the entire population in the lower 48 states. Information on survival rates, productivity and breeding rates provided the information needed to make this conclusion.

This technical report is the second in a series of reports that have been published on bald and golden eagles. For more information on bald eagle management and additional background, please visit the Eagle Management page.  

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  • Video
    03/28/2025

    This Week at Interior March 28, 2025

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    Transcript:

    This Week at Interior

    President Trump's Cabinet met this week at the White House to discuss savings garnered by the cancellation of contracts, part of the effort to eliminate wasteful federal government spending through the Department of Government Efficiency. Secretary Burgum outlined savings to the tune of $830 million gained with the cancellation of a contract to perform surveys, the product of which he compared to the work of a child.  

    The surveys came back, and it was... the survey was like an eight and half by eleven sheets of paper with ten questions that anyone's child in junior high could have put together, or AI could have done for free. $830 million, so that's one that we've stopped.

    Secretary Burgum was a guest this week on CNBC's Squawk Box, talking about a range of issues from critical minerals to affordable housing on underutilized Federal Lands suitable for residential development. He also addressed last week's move to unlock Alaska's vast energy potential, and renewed efforts to tap huge reserves of oil and natural gas in America's largest state.  

    This is in an important project for national security and President Trump has opened all that up again in the last week, and of course a lot of that is on Interior land. We've been supporting President Trump's direction, in that direction...in a meeting with the mayor of the North Slope, I mean this is an area that's you know, one and half times almost the size of Montana. There's 11,000 Alaska Natives that live up there, they want to have the development. Their lifespan went up a 15 years increase, once we had the first road that came into that area after the original Alaska oil development and so there's just a tremendous resource there that we need to use for national security purposes and for the benefit and economic development of the people that live there that want it.  

    Secretary Burgum says under President Trump's leadership, Interior is driving historic growth in offshore oil and gas production, reinforcing the United States’ position as a global energy leader. He says industry projections indicate offshore production could surpass 2 million barrels per day by 2025-2026, marking an all-time high for the U.S and that...

    The Energy Dominance strategy unleashed unprecedented investment in American energy. By cutting red tape, streamlining permitting, and ensuring regulatory certainty, we are unlocking the full potential of our offshore resources while maintaining the highest safety standards. These efforts continue to deliver affordable energy for American families and businesses.  

    Interior this week announced the Department generated over $39 million in total receipts from oil and gas lease sales held in the first quarter of 2025 – underscoring Interior's continued commitment to responsible energy development on public lands and American Energy Dominance.  These revenues reflect an ongoing focus on unleashing domestic energy production in line with Trump administration policies, which include job growth, and reducing reliance on foreign resources through efficient, streamlined permitting and leasing processes.  

    Interior this week announced the disbursement of nearly $354 million in energy revenues to the four Gulf of America oil- and gas-producing states: Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. The Gulf of America is a critical resource in ensuring that America can become Energy Dominant and meet demands through domestic sources. On average, 58 percent of oil production on federal lands and waters comes from the Gulf of America.    

    The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is reopening the public comment period for a proposed rule to list the monarch butterfly as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Monarchs in the Americas range from Canada to Mexico, but scientists say their numbers have fallen by 80% in the eastern United States, and by as much as 95% in the west. The comment period will be reopened until May 19 to give all interested parties an additional opportunity to comment on the proposed rule.

    It's been a long road back for areas devastated nearly eight years ago by Hurricane Irma, but thanks to President Trump’s Great American Outdoors Act, or GAOA, an iconic building at Virgin Islands National Park is well on its way. The centuries-old Cinnamon Bay Danish Warehouse once lay in ruins after the storm. With GAOA funding crews from the Historic Preservation Training Center have set about stabilizing the structure's foundations and restoring its 17th Century character, just one example of the National Park Service's mission to ensure the continued preservation of our national heritage for generations to come.

    And our social media Picture of the Week, a little motherly love at Kīlauea Point National Wildlife Refuge in Hawai'i, where this Hawaiian goose, or nēnē, keeps its little chick close. Once on the brink of extinction due to over-hunting, habitat destruction, and non-native predators, the stunning nēnē has made a remarkable comeback. Thanks to successful reintroduction efforts in the 1980s and 1990s, small populations were reestablished on Kaua‘i. Now the statewide population has steadily grown... the nēnē, while still threatened, is no longer listed as endangered.  

    Make sure you follow us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and X!

    That's This Week at Interior! 

    News and headlines from Interior, March 28, 2025

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