WEBVTT 00:00:05.290 --> 00:00:08.990 >> Welcome to the 2019 DOI Section 508 Outreach Event. 00:00:08.990 --> 00:00:11.560 My name is Sid Sharma, I'm the DOI Section 00:00:11.560 --> 00:00:14.980 508 program manager, and this event is hosted 00:00:14.980 --> 00:00:18.250 by the DOI Office of the Chief Information Officer. 00:00:18.770 --> 00:00:21.320 So let's proceed to our next presentation 00:00:21.320 --> 00:00:25.090 using Adobe in design to create accessible PDF documents. 00:00:25.800 --> 00:00:29.600 Please join me in welcoming Ms. Colleen Gratzer; 00:00:29.600 --> 00:00:31.930 she serves as the accessibility specialist 00:00:31.930 --> 00:00:34.470 at Gratzer Graphics, LLC. 00:00:34.470 --> 00:00:35.830 Welcome, Colleen. [APPLAUSE] 00:00:35.830 --> 00:00:37.940 >> Thank you >> Yaay! 00:00:37.940 --> 00:00:40.910 >> Oh, over here. It's right here. 00:00:40.910 --> 00:00:44.460 >> I got it. I got it, I'm good. >> All right, thank you. 00:00:50.620 --> 00:00:53.570 So the first thing I want to point out 00:00:54.660 --> 00:00:57.500 is that if you're already using InDesign, and you're using 00:00:57.500 --> 00:01:03.180 InDesign best practices, and not doing things manually 00:01:03.180 --> 00:01:04.979 and taking advantage of the built-in 00:01:05.490 --> 00:01:07.020 InDesign features, 00:01:07.020 --> 00:01:10.370 then it's going to be a very small learning curve 00:01:10.370 --> 00:01:12.650 for you to incorporate accessibility. 00:01:12.650 --> 00:01:15.610 And if you're at a beginner level with InDesign, 00:01:15.610 --> 00:01:18.430 and not incorporating the best practices, 00:01:18.430 --> 00:01:19.650 it's going to be harder, 00:01:19.650 --> 00:01:21.860 because you're going to need to do those, 00:01:21.860 --> 00:01:23.980 as well as incorporate accessibility. 00:01:27.300 --> 00:01:28.900 A very important rule 00:01:29.490 --> 00:01:33.420 is that you never want to format from the toolbar. 00:01:33.420 --> 00:01:37.380 So you always want to control all formatting with a style; 00:01:37.380 --> 00:01:40.400 whether that's a Paragraph style, a character style, 00:01:40.970 --> 00:01:44.510 Object style -- no overrides from the toolbar. 00:01:45.350 --> 00:01:47.350 So act like it's not even there anymore. 00:01:48.160 --> 00:01:50.670 Some accessibility tasks that you encounter, 00:01:51.320 --> 00:01:52.780 they might have more than one approach. 00:01:52.780 --> 00:01:56.000 It's not always a black and white approach. 00:01:56.000 --> 00:01:59.100 And others might require some creative 00:01:59.100 --> 00:02:00.950 thinking in order to accomplish them. 00:02:03.310 --> 00:02:04.910 Now the first thing I'm going to start with 00:02:04.910 --> 00:02:07.040 is the Paragraph styles, 00:02:07.040 --> 00:02:11.620 because if you set your defaults when you have no documents open, 00:02:11.620 --> 00:02:14.240 you're going to really reduce the amount of work 00:02:14.240 --> 00:02:15.820 that's required every time you go 00:02:15.820 --> 00:02:17.890 to create a new accessible document. 00:02:18.530 --> 00:02:22.600 So I recommend, again, with no documents open, 00:02:22.600 --> 00:02:24.680 so they become your default styles, 00:02:24.680 --> 00:02:27.130 is to go and set all of your Paragraph styles. 00:02:27.130 --> 00:02:29.120 They don't have look pretty, they don't have to have 00:02:29.120 --> 00:02:31.280 the right colors or fonts necessarily. 00:02:31.880 --> 00:02:35.560 But just set these up. What I like to do is, 00:02:35.560 --> 00:02:39.890 have the basic paragraph just be the Basic Paragraph style, 00:02:39.890 --> 00:02:42.150 but you could also use a body text style, 00:02:42.150 --> 00:02:46.090 and then have an alternate one called "P-First Paragraph," 00:02:46.090 --> 00:02:50.910 and that is based on your body text paragraph. 00:02:52.140 --> 00:02:55.580 Then that's just formatted to perhaps not have an indent. 00:02:55.580 --> 00:02:56.870 However you want to do that, 00:02:56.870 --> 00:02:59.520 if you have a style that deviates for that paragraph. 00:03:00.280 --> 00:03:02.980 Then your headings, which I've named here, 00:03:02.980 --> 00:03:05.480 Heading 1, Heading 2 and Heading 3. 00:03:07.140 --> 00:03:10.380 Then bullets, like you might have bulleted lists, 00:03:10.380 --> 00:03:11.980 you might have numbered lists. 00:03:13.580 --> 00:03:15.820 I'm using the HTML tag for those, 00:03:15.820 --> 00:03:19.780 which is "LI" for "List Item." Then a block quote, 00:03:20.720 --> 00:03:23.460 then a note style that you can use for Footnotes, 00:03:23.460 --> 00:03:27.900 and the Table of Contents styles that you might need as well. 00:03:27.900 --> 00:03:30.620 So if you set these up, they'll always be there 00:03:30.620 --> 00:03:32.490 when you create a new document. 00:03:32.490 --> 00:03:37.790 Now, the only difference is, from what you've been doing, 00:03:38.960 --> 00:03:41.420 is that you'll probably have to go in 00:03:42.200 --> 00:03:44.160 and just do this one extra thing, 00:03:44.160 --> 00:03:48.360 and that is to go to the Export tagging part of the Paragraph 00:03:48.360 --> 00:03:50.300 style options dialog box, 00:03:51.260 --> 00:03:57.900 and set the tag that you want that style to export as. 00:03:57.900 --> 00:03:59.450 I'm going to get into this more later, 00:03:59.450 --> 00:04:04.660 but so if your paragraph is text, 00:04:05.200 --> 00:04:07.749 it's regular body text; it gets formatted as a "P," 00:04:08.270 --> 00:04:10.020 which stands for the Paragraph tag. 00:04:11.090 --> 00:04:15.270 Your headings would be over here; 00:04:16.210 --> 00:04:21.700 those headings would be H1, H2, H3 through H6, 00:04:21.700 --> 00:04:23.300 okay, they all correspond. 00:04:24.900 --> 00:04:29.510 Then there will be some we'll have to set as Automatic, 00:04:29.510 --> 00:04:31.360 so we'll get into that more in a bit. 00:04:33.480 --> 00:04:35.200 So again, here these are -- 00:04:36.300 --> 00:04:38.300 you set your basic paragraphs at the P, 00:04:38.300 --> 00:04:41.220 you set your Heading levels in the Export tagging. 00:04:41.220 --> 00:04:43.870 Set your bulleted list and number lists to Automatic, 00:04:45.040 --> 00:04:46.820 set your block quote to Automatic, 00:04:46.820 --> 00:04:48.920 and your Table of Contents to Automatic. 00:04:48.920 --> 00:04:50.969 Again, that's back in the Export tagging. 00:04:51.870 --> 00:04:55.060 That's going to define how the text will be tagged 00:04:55.060 --> 00:04:56.710 when it's exported to the PDF. 00:05:01.560 --> 00:05:03.240 Some styles that are set to Automatic 00:05:03.240 --> 00:05:06.190 might need to be manually changed later in Acrobat. 00:05:08.370 --> 00:05:11.110 Now if you are familiar with the Based On feature, 00:05:11.110 --> 00:05:13.140 this will save you a ton of time. 00:05:13.140 --> 00:05:15.420 This will make things very efficient. 00:05:15.420 --> 00:05:17.570 In order to use the Based On feature, 00:05:19.820 --> 00:05:22.430 let's say you're going to duplicate the Basic Paragraph, 00:05:22.430 --> 00:05:25.530 so you would duplicate the Basic Paragraph, 00:05:27.100 --> 00:05:29.760 you would then rename that to whatever style you would like 00:05:29.760 --> 00:05:32.200 to make from that, so in this example, 00:05:32.200 --> 00:05:35.020 I've called it "P" for "Paragraph," "Drop Cap." 00:05:41.060 --> 00:05:46.550 So I've got "P" for Drop Cap. That's the new style name. 00:05:46.550 --> 00:05:48.760 Then you can just go into that style 00:05:49.290 --> 00:05:52.650 and style it with the Drop Cap features; 00:05:52.650 --> 00:05:55.770 you can make any other formatting changes to that. 00:05:56.450 --> 00:05:59.280 So that's how you would do that. So Based On means anytime 00:05:59.280 --> 00:06:01.580 that you change the style that it's based on, 00:06:01.580 --> 00:06:04.250 in this case the Basic Paragraph style, 00:06:04.250 --> 00:06:06.730 it's going to change any other style with it 00:06:07.720 --> 00:06:09.320 that is based on that style, 00:06:10.760 --> 00:06:12.900 unless you've already gone in and made changes. 00:06:12.900 --> 00:06:16.290 So you can do this with your headings, 00:06:16.290 --> 00:06:18.130 you can do this with list items, 00:06:18.130 --> 00:06:20.130 you can do this with any of your styles. 00:06:21.380 --> 00:06:22.640 Now with the character styles, 00:06:22.640 --> 00:06:24.560 just like with the Paragraph styles, 00:06:24.560 --> 00:06:26.190 it's really helpful to go ahead 00:06:26.190 --> 00:06:29.070 and set these up with no documents open 00:06:29.070 --> 00:06:31.570 so that they become your default character styles. 00:06:32.600 --> 00:06:36.000 It's essential that you have a style -- 00:06:36.000 --> 00:06:37.230 I call it "No Break," 00:06:37.230 --> 00:06:38.870 because really, that's all it is -- 00:06:38.870 --> 00:06:42.030 so a style called "No Break," you literally just make a style 00:06:42.030 --> 00:06:44.550 and come in here and check this box here. 00:06:45.410 --> 00:06:46.840 That's your No Break style. 00:06:46.840 --> 00:06:49.660 If you don't want something to go to the next line, 00:06:49.660 --> 00:06:51.400 you have to use your No Break style, you can't go 00:06:51.400 --> 00:06:53.930 and insert a soft return, or anything. 00:06:53.930 --> 00:06:55.680 So that's what that'll be used for. 00:06:56.630 --> 00:06:59.110 Any tracking, creating and tracking, 00:06:59.110 --> 00:07:00.400 you want to have a style for that. 00:07:00.400 --> 00:07:04.450 So you need to set up styles, I've got them as "Tracking -5," 00:07:04.450 --> 00:07:07.430 "Track -10," "Track -15." 00:07:08.490 --> 00:07:11.070 You don't want to go up to the toolbar 00:07:11.070 --> 00:07:13.400 and do any of that manual formatting. 00:07:14.780 --> 00:07:17.810 Also, an italics style, bold style, bold italics, 00:07:17.810 --> 00:07:20.910 subscript, superscript, and then a hyperlink and reference style. 00:07:20.910 --> 00:07:24.590 Then your document might require more styles than this, 00:07:24.590 --> 00:07:27.140 but these are a good default set to have. 00:07:29.870 --> 00:07:33.810 Now if you use a lot of tables, then you can go ahead 00:07:33.810 --> 00:07:36.230 and you can create your default cell 00:07:36.230 --> 00:07:39.460 and table styles as well -- again with no documents open -- 00:07:40.930 --> 00:07:43.770 and then you can set the Paragraph styles 00:07:43.770 --> 00:07:45.470 that will be associated with them. 00:07:47.060 --> 00:07:49.540 The Object styles you could do this as well, 00:07:49.540 --> 00:07:52.170 so you could have default styles 00:07:52.170 --> 00:07:54.120 that are for a two-column text box, 00:07:54.120 --> 00:07:56.230 a three-column text box, a side bar, 00:07:56.770 --> 00:08:00.400 and then any rules or borders or lines, 00:08:00.400 --> 00:08:02.760 and then running heads and feet, 00:08:02.760 --> 00:08:05.260 and then an artifact style, which I will get into. 00:08:08.050 --> 00:08:10.430 So Artifacting might be a new term for you. 00:08:10.430 --> 00:08:13.810 And artifacts are elements that are ignored by screen 00:08:13.810 --> 00:08:16.720 reading devices and other assistive technologies. 00:08:17.520 --> 00:08:19.380 They are elements that don't convey 00:08:19.380 --> 00:08:24.490 any important information, so they need to be artifacted. 00:08:24.490 --> 00:08:28.800 So you want to apply artifacting to Paragraph styles 00:08:29.540 --> 00:08:33.270 for any text elements that should be artifacted, 00:08:33.270 --> 00:08:36.230 and those would include page numbers 00:08:36.230 --> 00:08:40.740 and running headers and footers. Now to artifact, 00:08:40.740 --> 00:08:44.200 all you have to do is go into the Export tagging 00:08:44.200 --> 00:08:46.870 for those actual Paragraph styles, 00:08:46.870 --> 00:08:49.550 and then you set the Export tagging to artifact. 00:08:49.550 --> 00:08:52.599 And that means it's going to be ignored by the screen reader. 00:09:01.770 --> 00:09:03.680 Now with Objects, 00:09:03.680 --> 00:09:06.180 you might have objects that need to be artifacted, 00:09:06.840 --> 00:09:10.280 and those are going to include decorative blocks of colors, 00:09:10.280 --> 00:09:12.550 decorative elements such as rules, 00:09:12.550 --> 00:09:15.030 and decorative background graphics. 00:09:15.030 --> 00:09:18.390 So those are all non-essential decorative elements. 00:09:19.530 --> 00:09:20.870 And in order to apply 00:09:20.870 --> 00:09:23.210 artifacting to the Object styles, 00:09:24.240 --> 00:09:26.470 you simply go into the Object style, 00:09:26.470 --> 00:09:28.520 go down to Export options, 00:09:28.520 --> 00:09:34.130 Tagged PDF, and then apply the artifact tag there. Okay? 00:09:34.130 --> 00:09:36.060 So it's a little bit different from the Text; 00:09:36.060 --> 00:09:38.360 you can do the Text one on the style, 00:09:38.360 --> 00:09:40.409 Object you can do it in the Object style. 00:09:42.690 --> 00:09:44.340 You can also artifact an element 00:09:44.340 --> 00:09:46.530 by right-clicking if you're on a Mac, 00:09:46.530 --> 00:09:48.730 if you're using PC you can control-click, 00:09:49.320 --> 00:09:52.090 and select Object Export options, 00:09:52.090 --> 00:09:55.580 and then select Tagged PDF, and then artifact. 00:09:59.830 --> 00:10:01.700 Now there's a huge rule with accessibility, 00:10:01.700 --> 00:10:03.170 and that, you probably have heard, 00:10:03.170 --> 00:10:06.590 is that you cannot convey information by color alone. 00:10:08.130 --> 00:10:10.660 So in these two examples here, you know, 00:10:10.660 --> 00:10:15.240 if somebody has low vision, they might not be able 00:10:15.240 --> 00:10:17.920 to distinguish this blue from this black. 00:10:20.380 --> 00:10:23.480 These have the same treatment, same formatting colors, 00:10:23.480 --> 00:10:26.250 so even a sighted person 00:10:26.250 --> 00:10:28.560 can't see the difference between those two 00:10:28.560 --> 00:10:30.240 Heading levels, they're the same. 00:10:31.420 --> 00:10:34.920 So over here, here's an example of how we would fix this. 00:10:34.920 --> 00:10:36.390 This is bigger than this 00:10:36.390 --> 00:10:40.320 Heading, and then here, we've got a dashed underline here. 00:10:41.060 --> 00:10:42.940 So you want to make it obvious, 00:10:43.990 --> 00:10:47.780 so you can do that with not only the Export tags, 00:10:48.330 --> 00:10:51.400 but you could do that with the difference in size, 00:10:51.400 --> 00:10:55.560 difference in font weights, different font altogether, 00:10:55.560 --> 00:10:57.160 and the styling of it. 00:10:58.730 --> 00:11:00.900 Then you need to check the contrast 00:11:01.620 --> 00:11:03.490 with a Color Contrast Checker. 00:11:03.490 --> 00:11:06.260 I like WebAIM, but there's tons of them out there. 00:11:06.960 --> 00:11:09.600 And you get your hexadecimal code, 00:11:09.600 --> 00:11:11.310 your six-digit color code, 00:11:11.310 --> 00:11:15.260 and you just come in here and type it in, 00:11:15.260 --> 00:11:17.440 and then put whatever the background color is going to be. 00:11:17.440 --> 00:11:19.000 So if there is no background color, 00:11:19.000 --> 00:11:20.470 you just have it as white. 00:11:20.470 --> 00:11:22.840 But anything that's going to have a background. 00:11:22.840 --> 00:11:25.510 So you could have colored text on a colored background. 00:11:25.510 --> 00:11:29.580 You have to check anytime that you have any interaction 00:11:29.580 --> 00:11:32.000 with color in the foreground and background. 00:11:33.760 --> 00:11:35.570 So WCAG, 00:11:36.490 --> 00:11:39.360 which is Website Content Accessibility Guidelines, 00:11:39.360 --> 00:11:44.190 Level two-A requires a contrast ratio of 00:11:44.190 --> 00:11:47.450 at least four and a half to one for normal text, 00:11:47.450 --> 00:11:50.340 and three to one for a large text. 00:11:50.340 --> 00:11:52.510 Then Level triple-A, which is stricter, 00:11:53.080 --> 00:11:54.970 is seven to one for normal text, 00:11:54.970 --> 00:11:57.640 and four and a half to one for a large text. 00:11:57.640 --> 00:12:01.690 And they define large text as 14 points and bold, 00:12:02.700 --> 00:12:07.410 or larger, or 18 points or larger. 00:12:08.310 --> 00:12:11.660 So it's going to tell you if you pass or fail, 00:12:11.660 --> 00:12:14.670 depending on whether or not you need to go by WCAG 00:12:14.670 --> 00:12:18.130 double-A or triple-A here; so this might say "fail," 00:12:19.740 --> 00:12:22.920 the triple-A's might say "fail" and these two might say "pass." 00:12:28.210 --> 00:12:30.140 Now when you create a new document, 00:12:30.730 --> 00:12:32.640 you can do this in several ways, 00:12:32.640 --> 00:12:36.560 so you can create it and check off the primary Text Frame, 00:12:36.560 --> 00:12:39.160 which will automatically create threaded stories. 00:12:39.920 --> 00:12:44.580 Then you can also create one frame per column of text, 00:12:44.580 --> 00:12:48.460 use a single frame per page, with multiple columns, 00:12:48.460 --> 00:12:51.020 or you can thread frames together. 00:12:52.340 --> 00:12:54.630 Then you can fill out any of your settings here 00:12:54.630 --> 00:12:56.230 like you normally do. 00:12:58.530 --> 00:13:01.000 Now on the Master Pages, 00:13:02.040 --> 00:13:04.260 you want to add your Text Frames, 00:13:04.260 --> 00:13:07.360 but the Text Frames should reach to the pink and purple guide. 00:13:07.360 --> 00:13:08.960 So you don't want to have -- 00:13:09.590 --> 00:13:11.560 and here's your outer margin here, 00:13:11.560 --> 00:13:14.750 you don't want to have your Text Frame only going to here. 00:13:14.750 --> 00:13:17.660 If that's where you intend to have the edge of the Text Frame, 00:13:17.660 --> 00:13:19.340 you want to adjust the margin 00:13:20.000 --> 00:13:21.690 to where you want that Text Frame to be. 00:13:21.690 --> 00:13:24.420 So this needs to -- they need to match 00:13:24.420 --> 00:13:26.280 where they're going to align there. 00:13:29.900 --> 00:13:33.350 You want to avoid overriding master page items. 00:13:33.350 --> 00:13:36.840 You can create new nested Master Pages instead; 00:13:36.840 --> 00:13:40.150 it's very similar in concept, in theory, 00:13:40.150 --> 00:13:42.250 it's very similar to your Based On 00:13:42.250 --> 00:13:46.290 with text styles, because you're creating a new master, 00:13:46.290 --> 00:13:47.870 and it's based on another one. 00:13:47.870 --> 00:13:51.320 So in order to do that, you duplicate the master page, 00:13:51.320 --> 00:13:55.040 and then drag and drop one master over the other. 00:13:55.040 --> 00:13:59.020 So here's a new master B, and then you drag A over B. 00:14:01.260 --> 00:14:05.330 And then you go to B, and you Select All, 00:14:05.330 --> 00:14:06.970 and you delete everything that's on that, 00:14:06.970 --> 00:14:10.040 because you've just applied everything from A. 00:14:10.040 --> 00:14:12.370 So if you then change anything on A, 00:14:12.370 --> 00:14:15.090 like let's say you have running footers here 00:14:15.090 --> 00:14:17.420 with page numbers, and you've applied 00:14:17.420 --> 00:14:19.900 A to B, well now B has those same page numbers. 00:14:19.900 --> 00:14:22.300 If you go change where they are on 00:14:22.300 --> 00:14:27.720 A, it's going to have that same effect on B, 00:14:27.720 --> 00:14:30.240 because you've based B on A. 00:14:32.530 --> 00:14:35.470 You want to artifact any running headers and footers, 00:14:35.470 --> 00:14:36.880 either in the Paragraph style, 00:14:36.880 --> 00:14:39.070 or on the Text Frame with the Object style, 00:14:39.960 --> 00:14:43.010 and then rules and design elements get artifacted as well. 00:14:51.850 --> 00:14:55.020 So when it comes to choosing typefaces, you want to choose 00:14:55.020 --> 00:14:59.670 OpenType fonts that use Unicode characters, 00:15:00.690 --> 00:15:04.140 for such symbols as a copyright symbol or fractions, 00:15:04.140 --> 00:15:05.680 otherwise you could end up in a situation 00:15:05.680 --> 00:15:07.230 where you've got 10 different fonts 00:15:07.230 --> 00:15:09.630 because you're trying to find the proper symbol. 00:15:12.090 --> 00:15:18.590 When you go to Import your text, if you do the style mapping, 00:15:20.190 --> 00:15:22.420 you could do the custom style mapping; 00:15:22.420 --> 00:15:25.720 here is your Microsoft Word document style called "Normal," 00:15:25.720 --> 00:15:27.620 map it to Basic Paragraph -- 00:15:27.620 --> 00:15:30.560 there is a Microsoft style called "Heading," 00:15:30.560 --> 00:15:32.730 You can map it to your H2, or something. 00:15:36.120 --> 00:15:38.560 That's going to prevent Word code 00:15:38.560 --> 00:15:40.270 from getting into the layout, 00:15:40.270 --> 00:15:42.420 and that causes a lot of problems. 00:15:42.980 --> 00:15:44.930 So you want to do that, 00:15:44.930 --> 00:15:47.520 as opposed to copying and pasting from Word, 00:15:47.520 --> 00:15:50.260 because that's going to bring a whole bunch of garbage with it. 00:15:50.260 --> 00:15:52.130 So you can also, when you're importing the text, 00:15:52.130 --> 00:15:55.940 remove the styles and formatting as well -- you have that option. 00:15:57.990 --> 00:16:02.180 So when it comes to threading, this was a habit 00:16:02.180 --> 00:16:03.840 I had to get into when I learned how to do this, 00:16:03.840 --> 00:16:05.960 because I wasn't threading any of my frames. 00:16:05.960 --> 00:16:08.860 So it's very important to thread frames. 00:16:08.860 --> 00:16:11.410 So you can thread all of your Text Frames, 00:16:12.030 --> 00:16:14.440 or you can just thread certain sections. 00:16:15.650 --> 00:16:18.100 So in this particular example, 00:16:18.890 --> 00:16:21.610 here is a cover of an Annual Report, 00:16:21.610 --> 00:16:25.480 and it is not threaded to anything else, 00:16:25.480 --> 00:16:27.080 those are just by themselves. 00:16:27.630 --> 00:16:31.570 This is the Table of Contents, that's only threaded to itself; 00:16:31.570 --> 00:16:34.350 it's not threaded to any other piece of the document. 00:16:34.350 --> 00:16:36.910 You want to leave the Table of Contents unthreaded. 00:16:38.920 --> 00:16:40.190 Then in this situation, 00:16:40.190 --> 00:16:42.080 this would start a new thread here, 00:16:43.000 --> 00:16:44.380 so you can have pieces, 00:16:44.380 --> 00:16:46.530 the different sections, different chapters, 00:16:47.520 --> 00:16:49.120 each be threaded individually. 00:16:52.290 --> 00:16:55.550 Once you've imported your text, you want to do a lot of cleanup, 00:16:55.550 --> 00:16:59.450 so you want to remove multiple spaces and paragraph marks. 00:16:59.450 --> 00:17:01.740 You want to remove any forced breaks; 00:17:01.740 --> 00:17:04.270 remember I said don't use a forced return. 00:17:05.200 --> 00:17:09.080 So you can use your No Break character style. 00:17:09.600 --> 00:17:13.380 Let's say you have something like a sentence, 00:17:13.380 --> 00:17:15.740 and at the end of the line you have a measurement. 00:17:15.740 --> 00:17:17.370 Let's say it says "5 lbs," 00:17:17.370 --> 00:17:20.280 and you just don't want "lbs" down at the next line. 00:17:20.280 --> 00:17:22.630 You could use the No Break character style 00:17:22.630 --> 00:17:27.420 and apply that for the words "5 lbs," 00:17:27.420 --> 00:17:29.740 and that's going to keep that together always. 00:17:30.870 --> 00:17:32.810 It's not going to cause any accessibility issues, 00:17:32.810 --> 00:17:34.820 and it's not going to cause that forced line break, 00:17:34.820 --> 00:17:36.770 which would cause accessibility issues. 00:17:38.020 --> 00:17:39.300 You'll want to remove tabs, 00:17:39.300 --> 00:17:41.960 unless you're going to end up taking tabbed content 00:17:41.960 --> 00:17:43.660 and then creating a table from it. 00:17:44.620 --> 00:17:47.390 Then you'll need to rekey anything that's in all caps 00:17:47.390 --> 00:17:48.600 unless it's an acronym, 00:17:48.600 --> 00:17:52.440 because anything that is all caps 00:17:52.440 --> 00:17:55.780 and typed that way is going to be read that way, 00:17:55.780 --> 00:18:00.510 and that means letter by letter. So if you need to style 00:18:00.510 --> 00:18:03.870 an acronym, like USA -- that's fine. 00:18:03.870 --> 00:18:07.660 That can be keyed in as "USA," and it should be. 00:18:07.660 --> 00:18:10.259 But if you have all caps text, let's say it's, like, 00:18:11.100 --> 00:18:13.330 a brand name, and that's how they write it, 00:18:13.330 --> 00:18:15.400 but it's pronounced like a normal word -- 00:18:16.560 --> 00:18:21.670 then you would have to rekey that in regular case 00:18:22.220 --> 00:18:24.030 and apply an All Caps style. 00:18:24.030 --> 00:18:25.640 So it's okay to style it that way. 00:18:25.640 --> 00:18:28.490 It'll still look the same to everybody else, right, 00:18:28.490 --> 00:18:30.540 but it's going to be treated differently 00:18:31.530 --> 00:18:33.680 when it's read out by assistive technology. 00:18:35.350 --> 00:18:37.900 Now if there are -- well, I see this a lot with clients, 00:18:37.900 --> 00:18:40.000 I'm sure you'll encounter this too -- 00:18:40.000 --> 00:18:42.550 hyphens that should be en and em dashes -- 00:18:42.550 --> 00:18:44.560 so there should be the proper dashes; 00:18:45.530 --> 00:18:47.590 en dashes for a range of numbers, 00:18:47.590 --> 00:18:48.850 you know, 1 to 10. 00:18:48.850 --> 00:18:51.720 You could also alternatively just write out "one," 00:18:51.720 --> 00:18:54.110 and the word "to," "ten," "one to ten." 00:18:56.190 --> 00:18:58.560 Em dashes would be a mid-sentence break. 00:19:00.360 --> 00:19:02.860 Usually a lot of clients will use double hyphens 00:19:04.230 --> 00:19:06.660 to intend an em dash, 00:19:06.660 --> 00:19:09.800 so you would change the double hyphens to an em dash. 00:19:11.630 --> 00:19:14.630 And you want to check that any special symbols, 00:19:14.630 --> 00:19:18.840 any measurement symbols, copyrights or fractions, 00:19:18.840 --> 00:19:22.390 all of those, conveyed when they got imported into InDesign. 00:19:23.400 --> 00:19:25.860 Then in tables, you want to remove blank rows 00:19:25.860 --> 00:19:29.380 and columns and merge cells where needed. 00:19:30.180 --> 00:19:32.330 One thing you can do with things -- 00:19:32.330 --> 00:19:34.750 if you have blank cells that need to be blank cells, 00:19:34.750 --> 00:19:36.580 you can just put a dash in there 00:19:37.520 --> 00:19:40.910 to signify that it is intentionally empty. 00:19:42.360 --> 00:19:47.270 So like I said in the beginning, control everything with a style. 00:19:47.270 --> 00:19:48.960 Don't format from the toolbar, 00:19:48.960 --> 00:19:50.600 and don't do it from the keyboard, either. 00:19:50.600 --> 00:19:53.040 So don't do any manual formatting. 00:19:53.040 --> 00:19:54.640 Format everything with a style. 00:20:02.920 --> 00:20:05.550 So like I mentioned earlier, you want to create new Paragraph 00:20:05.550 --> 00:20:08.510 or character styles that are based on other styles, 00:20:08.510 --> 00:20:10.210 if you need to make an adjustment, 00:20:10.740 --> 00:20:12.050 including tracking, 00:20:12.050 --> 00:20:14.030 so that you don't have any overrides anywhere. 00:20:14.030 --> 00:20:16.680 You should never have any overrides anywhere. 00:20:16.680 --> 00:20:19.890 So let's say we have Heading 3, 00:20:21.080 --> 00:20:24.020 and let's say it starts at the bottom of the page, 00:20:24.020 --> 00:20:25.640 and we really want it to go to the next page. 00:20:25.640 --> 00:20:27.610 Well, we don't want to insert a Page Break, 00:20:27.610 --> 00:20:29.240 we don't want to insert multiple returns. 00:20:29.240 --> 00:20:32.290 So the solution is to create a new style called 00:20:32.290 --> 00:20:35.000 "H3 Next Page," because trust me, 00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:37.330 you could end up with a whole bunch of these; 00:20:37.330 --> 00:20:38.970 you want to know what you did with them. 00:20:38.970 --> 00:20:41.120 So "H3 Next Page," 00:20:41.820 --> 00:20:45.500 and all you're going to do is go into that style, 00:20:45.500 --> 00:20:49.010 and tell it to start on a new page. 00:20:49.010 --> 00:20:51.060 It could be a new column, it could be a new Text Frame -- 00:20:51.060 --> 00:20:52.580 whatever you need it to do. 00:20:52.580 --> 00:20:55.240 And call it that so you can go back 00:20:55.240 --> 00:20:56.610 and tell what you did later. 00:20:56.610 --> 00:20:57.930 But that's what you'd want to do, 00:20:57.930 --> 00:21:00.779 as opposed to inserting line breaks, or multiple returns. 00:21:03.230 --> 00:21:04.550 You will find yourself doing this 00:21:04.550 --> 00:21:05.940 with quite a few styles; 00:21:05.940 --> 00:21:07.940 I mean you could have, like up here, 00:21:07.940 --> 00:21:10.990 I have an example with P-Indent, so Paragraph Indent. 00:21:13.050 --> 00:21:17.220 If you needed an entire paragraph to be tracked -10, 00:21:19.480 --> 00:21:22.079 you could create a whole new style for that as well. 00:21:24.310 --> 00:21:26.070 And this is the override button up here, 00:21:26.070 --> 00:21:27.940 so while you're doing the layout, 00:21:27.940 --> 00:21:29.540 you want to have that checked, 00:21:30.090 --> 00:21:32.210 and make sure you're not in Preview mode. 00:21:33.560 --> 00:21:34.890 Then you'll be able to see, 00:21:34.890 --> 00:21:36.170 and it will be highlighted for you, 00:21:36.170 --> 00:21:38.720 any style overrides throughout the document. 00:21:38.720 --> 00:21:40.870 And those are the ones you need to address. 00:21:43.700 --> 00:21:48.290 So you want to set the Export tag of the Paragraph style 00:21:48.290 --> 00:21:51.900 of the document title as H1; 00:21:52.740 --> 00:21:55.140 so Heading 1 is the highest-level Heading, 00:21:55.140 --> 00:21:56.740 Heading 6 is the lowest. 00:21:57.520 --> 00:22:01.200 Then you want to style your chapter or section titles 00:22:01.200 --> 00:22:05.980 as H1's, or H2. So H1 can be a document title, 00:22:05.980 --> 00:22:08.570 it could also be the title of a new section, 00:22:08.570 --> 00:22:11.990 or an H2 could be a title of a new section as well. 00:22:11.990 --> 00:22:13.320 And you always want to make sure 00:22:13.320 --> 00:22:15.770 that you use them in the correct sequence, 00:22:16.300 --> 00:22:18.960 you don't want to skip any, and you don't want -- 00:22:18.960 --> 00:22:21.210 so you don't want to go from an H2 to an H4. 00:22:21.210 --> 00:22:26.340 So here we have H1, H2, and we go to an H3, H3, 00:22:26.340 --> 00:22:27.890 come out to an H2 -- 00:22:27.890 --> 00:22:29.810 you don't want to skip from an H2 to an H4 00:22:29.810 --> 00:22:31.960 because you just like the way H4 looks. 00:22:32.550 --> 00:22:36.090 You want to make a new H3, in that case. 00:22:39.960 --> 00:22:42.870 You also can take advantage of the Paragraph style options, 00:22:42.870 --> 00:22:48.220 like Spanning Columns, Paragraph Shading, and Paragraph Rule -- 00:22:49.540 --> 00:22:54.800 those can be very efficient. Now when it comes to graphics, 00:22:54.800 --> 00:22:57.250 you want to anchor your images in the text 00:22:57.920 --> 00:23:00.670 at the end of the paragraph in which they're mentioned. 00:23:01.490 --> 00:23:03.440 This was hard for me to have to change. 00:23:04.410 --> 00:23:07.050 So then you can apply your Object styles. 00:23:07.050 --> 00:23:10.700 So here is where this image is anchored; so you anchor it, 00:23:10.700 --> 00:23:12.370 and then you can move it 00:23:12.370 --> 00:23:15.510 to wherever you'd like it to be on the page, 00:23:15.510 --> 00:23:18.110 and you could apply an Object style to that. 00:23:20.430 --> 00:23:23.950 If you have some text there that's referencing, 00:23:25.610 --> 00:23:26.980 like in this particular case, 00:23:26.980 --> 00:23:30.390 it could say the photo at right -- 00:23:31.780 --> 00:23:33.690 you want to change that 00:23:33.690 --> 00:23:35.370 and give it an absolute reference 00:23:35.370 --> 00:23:36.600 instead of a relative reference; 00:23:36.600 --> 00:23:42.000 so you could say "Figure 1," or give it another title. 00:23:46.320 --> 00:23:51.270 Alt-Text is important, because images and images of text 00:23:51.270 --> 00:23:52.930 cannot be read by screen readers. 00:23:54.240 --> 00:23:59.190 So Alt-Text is in place of these images. 00:23:59.750 --> 00:24:02.560 What you want to do is -- 00:24:02.560 --> 00:24:05.990 so if you don't have artifacted images, 00:24:06.580 --> 00:24:08.030 you need to add the Alt-Text. 00:24:08.030 --> 00:24:13.050 So you're going to right-click or control-click 00:24:13.050 --> 00:24:14.340 in front of the PC, 00:24:14.340 --> 00:24:16.890 and then Select Object, Export options, 00:24:17.610 --> 00:24:20.390 and then you select Custom here. And when you do that, 00:24:20.390 --> 00:24:22.240 you can add your Alt-Text right here. 00:24:26.830 --> 00:24:29.480 It should say what the image contains, 00:24:29.480 --> 00:24:34.480 like what it's a picture of, and any key visual elements. 00:24:34.480 --> 00:24:39.650 So you might have an infographic or a bar graph, 00:24:39.650 --> 00:24:40.970 pie chart or something, 00:24:40.970 --> 00:24:44.960 and you can explain what is in it, what the data is. 00:24:44.960 --> 00:24:46.759 Or it might be a photo of something. 00:24:48.370 --> 00:24:50.350 You don't need to give more information 00:24:50.350 --> 00:24:52.450 than a sighted reader would get, though. 00:24:53.950 --> 00:24:56.970 And you don't want to repeat the same info that's in the caption, 00:24:56.970 --> 00:24:58.710 because that means somebody's going to hear 00:24:58.710 --> 00:25:00.930 that information twice, and that's annoying. 00:25:03.140 --> 00:25:07.010 Now for the infographics, explain what they represent, 00:25:07.010 --> 00:25:08.900 and provide the data, if it's short. 00:25:09.540 --> 00:25:13.350 If it's not short -- I mean, I've worked with infographics 00:25:13.350 --> 00:25:15.250 and pie charts that have so much data 00:25:15.250 --> 00:25:19.040 they can't possibly be explained in the Alt-Text. 00:25:19.040 --> 00:25:22.860 So what you can do is, you can link to an online source 00:25:23.510 --> 00:25:27.480 that might appear; like you might have something 00:25:27.480 --> 00:25:29.220 in the document that's like an appendix, 00:25:29.220 --> 00:25:30.730 or you might have an online source, 00:25:30.730 --> 00:25:32.990 like a website that's showing that data. 00:25:32.990 --> 00:25:36.550 And that has it explained out on there. 00:25:36.550 --> 00:25:38.150 So you could provide that. 00:25:39.360 --> 00:25:41.450 You would want to provide the link in the text, 00:25:41.450 --> 00:25:43.470 though, not in the Alt-Text. 00:25:46.220 --> 00:25:49.150 Now when it comes to graphs, charts and maps, 00:25:50.400 --> 00:25:51.600 these can be tricky. 00:25:51.600 --> 00:25:53.580 They can require a lot more attention 00:25:53.580 --> 00:25:57.080 to ensure not only sufficient color contrast 00:25:57.080 --> 00:26:01.920 between text colors and their background colors on the map, 00:26:02.530 --> 00:26:08.220 but also to distinguish between each other. 00:26:08.220 --> 00:26:11.580 So in the pie chart, for example, or a bar graph, 00:26:13.290 --> 00:26:16.940 you can check the contrast with a Color Blindness Simulator. 00:26:16.940 --> 00:26:18.540 I like the Coblis one. 00:26:19.300 --> 00:26:21.460 What it does is, you upload a picture, 00:26:21.460 --> 00:26:24.790 and then you can see it as normal, 00:26:24.790 --> 00:26:28.770 and then it shows as different levels of color blindness, 00:26:28.770 --> 00:26:31.070 so you can see if some of your colors 00:26:31.070 --> 00:26:32.640 are going to be too close together 00:26:32.640 --> 00:26:36.530 and not enough contrast in certain situations. 00:26:44.270 --> 00:26:47.110 Since you cannot convey information by color alone, 00:26:47.690 --> 00:26:50.590 if the contrast is not sufficient to distinguish 00:26:50.590 --> 00:26:53.160 the various elements by color, you must use other means. 00:26:53.160 --> 00:26:57.820 So you can use lines with shapes in a line graph. 00:26:57.820 --> 00:27:00.800 So up here, these lines might not have enough contrast 00:27:00.800 --> 00:27:02.930 between them, so what you could do, 00:27:02.930 --> 00:27:06.590 maybe the light blue lines have triangles at each point, 00:27:06.590 --> 00:27:11.490 and maybe the darker blue line has squares at each point. 00:27:13.590 --> 00:27:15.280 Then the third one has diamonds. 00:27:17.420 --> 00:27:20.620 You could also use different patterns, 00:27:20.620 --> 00:27:22.590 if it's a like a pie chart or a bar graph here, 00:27:22.590 --> 00:27:24.740 you could have different patterns to distinguish, 00:27:24.740 --> 00:27:27.520 because this is not necessarily distinguishable. 00:27:29.500 --> 00:27:33.750 And with maps, any text that appears on top of the map, 00:27:33.750 --> 00:27:36.580 you'd want to make sure that's in a contrasty-enough color, 00:27:36.580 --> 00:27:39.490 or it's bold, and you can add a drop shadow to that text 00:27:39.490 --> 00:27:43.020 in order to make it stand out from the background on the map. 00:27:45.750 --> 00:27:48.610 Now with tables, you want to anchor the table in the text. 00:27:48.610 --> 00:27:52.060 So in this example, this table is in its own box, 00:27:52.060 --> 00:27:55.910 because it's a one-column table on a two-column page, 00:27:56.610 --> 00:27:59.210 and so this Text Frame 00:27:59.210 --> 00:28:01.370 containing the table is anchored over here. 00:28:03.630 --> 00:28:07.880 Then you placed the table's title outside of the table, 00:28:08.900 --> 00:28:12.170 and you can go ahead and style your table headers in here, 00:28:13.020 --> 00:28:16.700 and style table cells with your paragraph cells, 00:28:16.700 --> 00:28:20.290 and have the export tagging set to Automatic. 00:28:20.960 --> 00:28:23.800 So then you'd need to make sure that that's an actual 00:28:23.800 --> 00:28:25.500 Header row -- so if you right-click it 00:28:25.500 --> 00:28:27.490 and it says, "Convert to Header row," 00:28:27.490 --> 00:28:28.840 that means it's not a Header row yet. 00:28:28.840 --> 00:28:30.230 You have to make that a Header row, 00:28:30.230 --> 00:28:31.980 it needs to be a proper Header row. 00:28:35.620 --> 00:28:38.469 And then again, you want to remove blank rows or columns, 00:28:39.950 --> 00:28:43.560 and then you can put any Footnotes after the table. 00:28:44.780 --> 00:28:47.670 So in Creative Cloud 2019, it'll place the Footnotes 00:28:47.670 --> 00:28:50.830 at the bottom of the frame that holds the table, 00:28:51.460 --> 00:28:52.850 which should be in its own frame, 00:28:52.850 --> 00:28:55.000 so it will place them down here under that. 00:28:56.120 --> 00:29:00.270 You don't want to span your tables across two pages, 00:29:00.270 --> 00:29:02.770 unless you're using a Text Frame with columns. 00:29:02.770 --> 00:29:06.300 So if you have a two-page spread, you could have -- 00:29:08.850 --> 00:29:12.300 well, if you had a two-page spread, 00:29:12.300 --> 00:29:13.550 you could have one Text Frame, 00:29:13.550 --> 00:29:15.590 but it would have to be in two columns across the spread. 00:29:15.590 --> 00:29:19.490 You can't just have a one-column table across that. 00:29:19.490 --> 00:29:22.140 It won't read properly when it's exported in the PDF. 00:29:23.330 --> 00:29:26.270 And it's okay to place the table in its own frame anchored 00:29:26.270 --> 00:29:30.070 in the text, which is what I'm showing here. 00:29:32.100 --> 00:29:35.380 And it is okay to use the View > Rotate 00:29:35.380 --> 00:29:37.490 Spread feature to accommodate wide tables. 00:29:37.490 --> 00:29:39.470 I've run into this situation quite a bit where I need 00:29:39.470 --> 00:29:44.400 to have just the pages with these tables horizontal, 00:29:45.470 --> 00:29:47.880 just so I can accommodate more columns. 00:29:47.880 --> 00:29:49.550 So that's okay to do that. 00:29:52.960 --> 00:29:56.690 Sidebars -- when you create Sidebars, and you can create 00:29:56.690 --> 00:29:59.540 Object styles for Sidebars -- you create them 00:29:59.540 --> 00:30:02.230 and do the same thing, anchoring them in the text 00:30:02.230 --> 00:30:04.540 at the end of the paragraph in which they're mentioned. 00:30:04.540 --> 00:30:07.200 So here is where the Sidebar appears, 00:30:07.200 --> 00:30:09.870 but it's anchored up there in that paragraph. 00:30:11.400 --> 00:30:15.710 And you'd want to style your Sidebar titles as an H2, 00:30:15.710 --> 00:30:16.980 or another level of 00:30:16.980 --> 00:30:20.780 Heading, that's based on the logical order 00:30:21.430 --> 00:30:24.250 in which it falls in the section. 00:30:24.250 --> 00:30:29.530 So if this isn't a section, like I said, you could use an H1 00:30:29.530 --> 00:30:35.330 or an H2 for your chapter title. So if you have an H3 later, 00:30:36.220 --> 00:30:40.350 another level of subheading, and it's in that section, 00:30:40.350 --> 00:30:42.620 then this would be an H4 level Heading. 00:30:42.620 --> 00:30:44.290 So you want to make sure your hierarchy 00:30:44.290 --> 00:30:48.580 is always there -- H1, H2, H3, H4 through 6. 00:30:51.380 --> 00:30:52.720 Okay, and then you can use 00:30:52.720 --> 00:30:55.750 Apply Next Style under -- this is really cool, by the way, 00:30:55.750 --> 00:30:57.690 if you try this out, it's really cool. 00:30:57.690 --> 00:31:01.240 You can use the Apply Next Style under an Object's Paragraph 00:31:01.240 --> 00:31:04.650 style to style multiple paragraphs at a time 00:31:04.650 --> 00:31:06.490 when the next style has been set. 00:31:06.490 --> 00:31:09.540 So if we have a style called "H2 Sidebar," 00:31:09.540 --> 00:31:10.950 and we say -- okay, here's our 00:31:10.950 --> 00:31:13.160 Based On, but if we say Next Style, 00:31:13.160 --> 00:31:16.180 use "P Sidebar," you know, Paragraph Sidebar. 00:31:17.030 --> 00:31:19.420 Then when you go to create the Object style 00:31:19.420 --> 00:31:21.530 and you tell it, okay, I want this style to be 00:31:21.530 --> 00:31:23.430 "H2 Sidebar," 00:31:23.430 --> 00:31:25.630 and I want you to apply the next style -- 00:31:25.630 --> 00:31:30.100 when you go to apply the Object style to the Sidebar, 00:31:32.200 --> 00:31:35.320 it's going to format this and this, 00:31:35.880 --> 00:31:38.130 because it knows to apply this style -- 00:31:38.130 --> 00:31:40.480 and by the way, it knows to apply that style, too, 00:31:40.480 --> 00:31:43.130 because it's set up here and here. 00:31:46.220 --> 00:31:47.940 You could actually end up with a Sidebar 00:31:47.940 --> 00:31:50.440 that only is one paragraph long, 00:31:50.440 --> 00:31:54.160 and you wouldn't even need to have an Object 00:31:54.160 --> 00:31:55.680 having its own frame with an Object style -- 00:31:55.680 --> 00:31:59.030 that could actually be something that you use just by using 00:31:59.030 --> 00:32:01.400 the Paragraph Shading in the Paragraph style. 00:32:04.900 --> 00:32:06.290 With Hyperlinks, you want to make sure 00:32:06.290 --> 00:32:08.310 that all of your hyperlinks are clickable, 00:32:08.310 --> 00:32:13.470 so that's going to be websites, emails, any Footnotes. 00:32:13.470 --> 00:32:17.010 You have to link all your Footnotes as well. 00:32:17.010 --> 00:32:20.160 So you can go to Hyperlinks and Cross References, 00:32:21.080 --> 00:32:23.010 and then Convert URLs to Hyperlinks. 00:32:24.830 --> 00:32:29.810 Then you can create Hyperlink Destinations 00:32:30.460 --> 00:32:32.060 for your cross references. 00:32:32.930 --> 00:32:36.890 Then you go to where they are in the text, highlight them, 00:32:36.890 --> 00:32:38.490 and add that link to them. 00:32:39.760 --> 00:32:42.580 Okay, so over here, here's the Hyperlinks palette, 00:32:43.180 --> 00:32:48.530 here is the Footnote number. That's showing an anchor, 00:32:48.530 --> 00:32:51.260 and it's linking down here to this. 00:32:51.260 --> 00:32:54.300 It's actually linking to that. So in the PDF, 00:32:54.300 --> 00:32:56.700 if I click on this, it actually will go to that. 00:33:08.240 --> 00:33:09.890 Now with the Table of Contents, 00:33:12.180 --> 00:33:14.330 you always want to use the Automated feature -- 00:33:14.330 --> 00:33:16.240 no manual Table of Contents. 00:33:18.190 --> 00:33:21.430 So you want to set up your Paragraph styles, 00:33:22.210 --> 00:33:25.410 and when you set up those Paragraph styles, again, 00:33:25.410 --> 00:33:27.400 it's back to creating Paragraph styles, 00:33:27.400 --> 00:33:31.320 set that Export tagging of the Table of Contents title 00:33:31.320 --> 00:33:32.920 as an H2 -- 00:33:34.100 --> 00:33:37.010 but the regular Table of Contents text, 00:33:37.520 --> 00:33:39.240 so if you have the Heading in your Table of Contents, 00:33:39.240 --> 00:33:40.490 it's okay that that's an H2. 00:33:40.490 --> 00:33:42.950 But your regular Table of Contents 00:33:43.770 --> 00:33:50.140 text should be set to Automatic. So you'll then use the InDesign 00:33:50.140 --> 00:33:54.490 features to create that Table of Contents; 00:33:54.490 --> 00:33:57.640 it's going to make it clickable in the PDF, which is fantastic, 00:33:58.360 --> 00:34:01.810 and it'll also -- if you check this, 00:34:01.810 --> 00:34:04.340 it will create PDF Bookmarks as well. 00:34:04.340 --> 00:34:07.040 So that's really cool, because that will add bookmarks 00:34:07.900 --> 00:34:10.670 for your cover, your chapters, all of your sections, 00:34:10.670 --> 00:34:13.540 just simply by checking that box. 00:34:13.540 --> 00:34:15.230 So when you get into the PDF, it's going to have 00:34:15.230 --> 00:34:17.380 all your bookmarks there, if you show them. 00:34:20.080 --> 00:34:24.790 And then in your title, if you want to call that "Contents," 00:34:24.790 --> 00:34:26.510 or if you want to call it, "Table of Contents" -- 00:34:26.510 --> 00:34:29.330 whatever you want to do -- do that in there, 00:34:30.420 --> 00:34:32.330 and then if you ever have to redo your Table 00:34:32.330 --> 00:34:33.820 of Contents later, that's already done. 00:34:33.820 --> 00:34:35.140 You don't have to go change that again. 00:34:35.140 --> 00:34:38.239 So do as much of this in here, do all that automation in here. 00:34:40.520 --> 00:34:44.040 Now Reading Order means that all the text 00:34:44.040 --> 00:34:46.980 in the document needs to have a logical reading order. 00:34:46.980 --> 00:34:50.850 So what you see in InDesign is not necessarily the order 00:34:50.850 --> 00:34:53.560 that it's going to be read in the PDF 00:34:53.560 --> 00:34:55.160 by an assistive device. 00:34:55.810 --> 00:34:58.670 Okay, so we might see that's above that, 00:34:58.670 --> 00:35:01.320 so that's going to get read first -- not necessarily. 00:35:02.510 --> 00:35:04.820 So there's a few different ways to do this. 00:35:05.980 --> 00:35:11.710 In the Articles panel -- back to my example before this, 00:35:11.710 --> 00:35:14.360 Cover is by itself, this Table of Contents is by itself. 00:35:14.360 --> 00:35:17.390 Then this is the start of the rest of the document. 00:35:17.390 --> 00:35:21.890 So you actually go to these different pieces, 00:35:21.890 --> 00:35:24.360 these different pieces that you've threaded, 00:35:24.360 --> 00:35:27.600 and you drag them into the article's panel. 00:35:28.140 --> 00:35:30.820 So in this situation, I have literally dragged 00:35:30.820 --> 00:35:34.320 that Text Frame over here, the 2018 to here, 00:35:34.320 --> 00:35:37.570 dragged that frame that says "Annual Report" into here, 00:35:38.150 --> 00:35:41.120 and I called this, "Cover." So that's the Cover section. 00:35:41.680 --> 00:35:45.270 Here's the TOC section, just literally drag this one. 00:35:45.270 --> 00:35:46.780 You don't have to drag both frames. 00:35:46.780 --> 00:35:49.940 If they're threaded, you just drag one frame. 00:35:49.940 --> 00:35:51.560 It doesn't matter if I drag this one, 00:35:51.560 --> 00:35:52.890 or if I drag this one. 00:35:52.890 --> 00:35:54.180 Drag it over, and then you can see 00:35:54.180 --> 00:35:56.830 that's the Text Frame that it's reading from. 00:35:56.830 --> 00:35:59.020 Then the main story, which is the rest of it, 00:35:59.020 --> 00:36:00.620 just drag this first box here, 00:36:00.620 --> 00:36:02.919 because everything after that is all threaded. 00:36:08.100 --> 00:36:10.990 Then when you go up to this little menu here, 00:36:11.800 --> 00:36:13.050 it will give you the option 00:36:13.050 --> 00:36:15.790 for Use for Reading Order in the Tagged PDF -- 00:36:15.790 --> 00:36:18.070 you want to make sure that is checked. 00:36:21.920 --> 00:36:25.720 The other way that you can re-order items 00:36:25.720 --> 00:36:29.210 if you need to is -- 00:36:29.210 --> 00:36:32.210 and this is a different way, so you might need to do both -- 00:36:33.840 --> 00:36:38.250 in the Layers panel, everything is read from the bottom up. 00:36:38.810 --> 00:36:42.270 So if you're using more than one layer, 00:36:43.780 --> 00:36:45.010 it'll be more obvious, 00:36:45.010 --> 00:36:46.340 but sometimes you have to open these up, 00:36:46.340 --> 00:36:47.580 because if you're using one layer 00:36:47.580 --> 00:36:49.530 with a lot of different elements there, 00:36:50.440 --> 00:36:52.200 you might need to go in and rearrange them. 00:36:52.200 --> 00:36:56.640 So for example, this Text Frame is separate from this one, 00:36:56.640 --> 00:37:01.260 so 2018 -- like I said, it appears above Annual Report, 00:37:01.260 --> 00:37:02.760 but that doesn't necessarily mean 00:37:02.760 --> 00:37:05.550 it's going to get read that way in the resulting PDF. 00:37:06.380 --> 00:37:10.720 So 2018 is going to get read first, 00:37:12.290 --> 00:37:14.030 because it appears below 00:37:15.180 --> 00:37:17.070 the Text Frame that contains Annual Report. 00:37:17.070 --> 00:37:21.940 So again, Layers panel gets read from the bottom up -- 00:37:22.570 --> 00:37:27.190 so 2018 gets read before Annual Report, okay? 00:37:27.190 --> 00:37:29.780 Even though this is up here in the layout 00:37:29.780 --> 00:37:32.760 and this one's here, this is what matters. 00:37:32.760 --> 00:37:35.570 If the 2018 were above this, 00:37:35.570 --> 00:37:37.380 it would actually be in the wrong reading order. 00:37:37.380 --> 00:37:39.320 It would still look the same here, 00:37:39.320 --> 00:37:43.500 but it wouldn't be read properly in the PDF. 00:37:47.320 --> 00:37:51.110 So the Articles panel is read from the top-down. 00:37:51.880 --> 00:37:53.860 It's going to read the Cover first, 00:37:53.860 --> 00:37:56.270 which is this section, with this and this; 00:37:56.270 --> 00:37:57.760 the 2018 and Annual Report. 00:37:57.760 --> 00:37:59.810 Then it's going to read the Table of Contents section, 00:37:59.810 --> 00:38:01.060 which is this frame, 00:38:01.060 --> 00:38:03.260 and then it's going to read the main story -- 00:38:03.260 --> 00:38:04.980 which this is just the beginning text, 00:38:04.980 --> 00:38:07.029 but that's the rest of the document text. 00:38:07.590 --> 00:38:11.150 Then again, Layers panel is read from the bottom to the top. 00:38:15.270 --> 00:38:18.730 A lot of times, if you find some things 00:38:18.730 --> 00:38:20.180 you need to adjust in the PDF, 00:38:20.180 --> 00:38:22.570 you have to come back and look at that Articles panel 00:38:22.570 --> 00:38:24.020 and that Layers panel, 00:38:24.020 --> 00:38:25.750 and see why something's out of order, 00:38:25.750 --> 00:38:28.290 that's usually where that stuff happens. 00:38:29.830 --> 00:38:34.140 Now your Metadata, you can add this anytime in InDesign. 00:38:34.140 --> 00:38:36.870 It's best to do it in InDesign before you get to the PDF, 00:38:36.870 --> 00:38:39.730 because if you have to troubleshoot in Acrobat 00:38:39.730 --> 00:38:43.880 and come back and re-export stuff from InDesign, 00:38:43.880 --> 00:38:45.960 you're going to have to redo all that Metadata again. 00:38:45.960 --> 00:38:47.770 So if you just put it in InDesign, 00:38:47.770 --> 00:38:52.810 it's going to be there. So you'll fill out the title, 00:38:52.810 --> 00:38:56.010 the author, description, and the keywords. 00:38:56.590 --> 00:38:59.290 The description field will get read by search engines, 00:38:59.970 --> 00:39:03.560 so you want to make sure the first 150 or 200 00:39:03.560 --> 00:39:05.160 or so words, 00:39:06.590 --> 00:39:08.889 that those first words are the most important. 00:39:09.840 --> 00:39:11.810 You can also add in as many keywords 00:39:11.810 --> 00:39:13.680 as you want in the Keywords field; 00:39:13.680 --> 00:39:16.000 again, that's going to get read by search engines. 00:39:16.000 --> 00:39:18.280 Then don't use an ampersand 00:39:18.280 --> 00:39:22.100 if the title is using the spelled out word, 00:39:22.100 --> 00:39:26.550 "and," up in the Document Title field. 00:39:29.010 --> 00:39:30.780 And you can fill out the other fields as well, 00:39:30.780 --> 00:39:33.780 but those are the ones that you definitely want to fill out. 00:39:34.960 --> 00:39:37.810 When you're doing your preflight, 00:39:37.810 --> 00:39:40.030 you want to preflight, make sure all of your images are linked, 00:39:40.030 --> 00:39:45.240 you want to make sure that your hyperlinks are all okay, 00:39:45.240 --> 00:39:46.630 because if they're not, 00:39:46.630 --> 00:39:48.860 these will show up as red, they're broken links, 00:39:48.860 --> 00:39:51.060 and then you would need to replace those 00:39:51.060 --> 00:39:53.160 with proper links that work. 00:39:53.160 --> 00:39:56.970 So you preflight as usual, like, before printing. 00:39:57.600 --> 00:40:00.890 Then you want to turn on that Style Override Highlighter -- 00:40:00.890 --> 00:40:02.090 that's what I mentioned earlier -- 00:40:02.090 --> 00:40:04.180 and check for any style overrides 00:40:04.730 --> 00:40:06.379 that are highlighted in the text, 00:40:07.000 --> 00:40:11.180 and you want to address those with a new style, if needed, 00:40:11.180 --> 00:40:15.200 or override their formatting with that button. 00:40:18.600 --> 00:40:21.610 See, up there is how it would look. 00:40:21.610 --> 00:40:24.160 If this was not following a style, 00:40:24.160 --> 00:40:25.860 it would be highlighted like that. 00:40:27.180 --> 00:40:30.540 Then you want to check your tags by going to the Paragraph styles 00:40:30.540 --> 00:40:36.080 palette, clicking here, and then Edit All Export Tags. 00:40:36.080 --> 00:40:38.300 Then you want to make sure you click on PDF, 00:40:39.540 --> 00:40:41.410 and then check all of these. 00:40:41.410 --> 00:40:47.370 So Basic Paragraph, the HTML tag associated with that is a P. 00:40:49.570 --> 00:40:52.000 I like to put all the tags in the beginning, 00:40:52.000 --> 00:40:55.430 so it's very easy to come here and check them. 00:40:55.430 --> 00:40:57.670 So that's a "P," that means it's a body 00:40:57.670 --> 00:41:00.880 text style of some sort -- so those are all P's. 00:41:01.410 --> 00:41:05.980 H1 gets an H1, H2 gets an H2, H3 gets an H3, and so on. 00:41:06.960 --> 00:41:11.530 Bullets -- those are always left as Automatic. 00:41:13.490 --> 00:41:16.870 This would be a situation that needs to be changed 00:41:16.870 --> 00:41:21.380 to the P-tag, as with this one. 00:41:25.210 --> 00:41:28.200 So then you can go ahead and export your PDF, 00:41:28.200 --> 00:41:30.350 and you can choose the interactive setting. 00:41:30.940 --> 00:41:33.060 And you want to make sure that you Export as Pages, 00:41:33.060 --> 00:41:34.310 not Spreads, 00:41:34.310 --> 00:41:36.359 because it will change the reading order. 00:41:37.710 --> 00:41:38.980 Then the other think you can do 00:41:38.980 --> 00:41:41.390 is check off Single Page for Layout, 00:41:42.520 --> 00:41:46.520 and then Create Tagged PDF, and Use Structure for Tab Order. 00:41:47.240 --> 00:41:49.050 Then if you have any Forms and Media -- 00:41:49.050 --> 00:41:50.300 that would be buttons, 00:41:50.300 --> 00:41:53.950 like if you have buttons or forms, 00:41:53.950 --> 00:41:56.600 you want to make sure that you include those as well. 00:41:57.510 --> 00:42:01.570 What you can do is, you can go and create this Export setting, 00:42:01.570 --> 00:42:03.690 and then save it as a preset, so you always have it. 00:42:03.690 --> 00:42:05.490 You don't have to come in and change it all the time. 00:42:05.490 --> 00:42:07.090 Just save it once. 00:42:08.750 --> 00:42:11.350 So for your compression settings, 00:42:11.350 --> 00:42:18.020 you want to set your resolution, so your downsampling resolution, 00:42:18.830 --> 00:42:22.200 you can set that to 144, 150, 200 or 300 -- 00:42:22.200 --> 00:42:23.760 it depends on the type of images. 00:42:23.760 --> 00:42:25.660 See what you get when you Export it. 00:42:25.660 --> 00:42:29.910 But I have noticed that one time I exported a PDF, 00:42:31.000 --> 00:42:33.820 I made some tweaks in Acrobat, I got it all ready to go, 00:42:33.820 --> 00:42:35.190 and the client was, like, 00:42:35.190 --> 00:42:37.530 "I thought the resolution was going to be higher." 00:42:37.530 --> 00:42:40.290 So in that case, I would have had to go Export 00:42:40.290 --> 00:42:41.610 with a higher resolution, 00:42:41.610 --> 00:42:44.210 and go and redo everything I had just done in Acrobat. 00:42:44.210 --> 00:42:49.420 So it's a good idea to get that approved at that resolution 00:42:49.420 --> 00:42:53.120 that you're planning on using before that happens, 00:42:53.770 --> 00:42:56.569 so you don't have to go back and get all of that redone. 00:42:57.710 --> 00:43:03.420 You can also increase the image quality setting if you want to. 00:43:04.360 --> 00:43:05.720 But the higher the resolution, 00:43:05.720 --> 00:43:07.510 the greater that file size is going to be, 00:43:07.510 --> 00:43:09.510 so if this is something that is going to be emailed, 00:43:09.510 --> 00:43:10.910 you have to take that into consideration. 00:43:10.910 --> 00:43:14.180 You might have to give a little bit of quality, 00:43:14.180 --> 00:43:16.000 so you have a reduced file size. 00:43:16.650 --> 00:43:18.150 Then if you're going to also print this, 00:43:18.150 --> 00:43:20.760 you want to make sure that you export a separate PDF 00:43:20.760 --> 00:43:24.930 for printing, with the proper print settings. 00:43:24.930 --> 00:43:29.820 And the other thing I do is change the hyperlink style 00:43:30.390 --> 00:43:32.470 to not show hyperlinks -- 00:43:32.470 --> 00:43:34.769 underline the hyperlinks in the print version. 00:43:41.480 --> 00:43:43.840 Okay, so then you go to Acrobat with this PDF. 00:43:45.020 --> 00:43:47.960 Now if you did not check the Use Structure for Tab Order, 00:43:49.720 --> 00:43:53.860 then you can go to Organize Pages in Acrobat, Select 00:43:53.860 --> 00:43:57.910 All, and then go to Page Properties 00:43:57.910 --> 00:43:59.500 and click on Use Document Structure, 00:43:59.500 --> 00:44:01.570 so you don't have to go back and redo the whole thing again, 00:44:01.570 --> 00:44:03.950 you could just fix that right there. 00:44:03.950 --> 00:44:09.880 Then you want to run a full accessibility check in Acrobat. 00:44:09.880 --> 00:44:12.760 So if you see some issues, 00:44:13.750 --> 00:44:15.890 then you want to check certain things, 00:44:15.890 --> 00:44:17.400 like Edit the role map -- 00:44:17.400 --> 00:44:20.710 so if you go in Acrobat, you click on the tags here, 00:44:20.710 --> 00:44:24.380 then Edit Roll Mat -- you will see how these styles 00:44:24.380 --> 00:44:26.970 are being interpreted here with these tags. 00:44:27.640 --> 00:44:31.960 So normal Paragraph style is a P, P, after a list -- 00:44:32.580 --> 00:44:36.810 different things like that. Then you want to troubleshoot 00:44:36.810 --> 00:44:40.800 and go back and fix issues in InDesign, if you need to. 00:44:40.800 --> 00:44:42.460 Again, you might need to go back to those 00:44:42.460 --> 00:44:44.920 Layers and Articles panels, 00:44:44.920 --> 00:44:48.570 and check the order of those, check the order 00:44:48.570 --> 00:44:52.130 of the individual elements on those Layers. 00:44:53.150 --> 00:44:55.070 Then you would re-export your PDF, 00:44:55.070 --> 00:44:56.840 and redo steps one and two. 00:44:57.890 --> 00:45:00.120 You also want to check your Metadata, 00:45:00.120 --> 00:45:02.700 and sometimes you'll find a semicolon 00:45:02.700 --> 00:45:06.630 that appears in the keywords in the description, 00:45:06.630 --> 00:45:10.810 so you want to take that out. Then in File > Properties, 00:45:10.810 --> 00:45:16.060 you can set the Initial View to the Bookmarks Panel and Page 00:45:16.060 --> 00:45:20.550 so that your bookmarks will show on the left hand side 00:45:21.250 --> 00:45:23.460 when somebody opens that PDF. 00:45:24.530 --> 00:45:26.910 And you can also then go in and change this 00:45:26.910 --> 00:45:29.870 to a two-up spread, if you want to do that here. 00:45:29.870 --> 00:45:31.930 You just don't want to Export it that way in InDesign, 00:45:31.930 --> 00:45:33.680 but you can change it to that here. 00:45:35.010 --> 00:45:36.610 Then just save the PDF. 00:45:38.460 --> 00:45:43.120 Now there's a bug with using custom Unicode characters 00:45:43.120 --> 00:45:44.420 for bulleted lists; 00:45:44.420 --> 00:45:46.620 I ran into this the other day, that was fun. 00:45:48.390 --> 00:45:52.900 It will give you a double span tag in Acrobat, in the PDF. 00:45:54.300 --> 00:45:59.080 And it will cause that bullet character to be voiced twice. 00:45:59.920 --> 00:46:02.700 Then it was adding a space between the bullet -- 00:46:03.580 --> 00:46:05.250 or causing the space between the bullet 00:46:05.250 --> 00:46:07.740 and the text to appear first, 00:46:07.740 --> 00:46:09.450 instead of the bullet coming first. 00:46:09.450 --> 00:46:11.999 So it's space-bullet, instead of bullet-space-text. 00:46:14.110 --> 00:46:16.580 That's, again, if you're using a custom Unicode character 00:46:16.580 --> 00:46:18.950 instead of the default bullet. 00:46:20.870 --> 00:46:23.800 So the solution is to use the boring default bullets. 00:46:24.890 --> 00:46:26.430 If you are going to use a custom bullet, 00:46:26.430 --> 00:46:31.530 you can artifact that space's span in Acrobat, 00:46:31.530 --> 00:46:32.840 but that might be a lot of work, 00:46:32.840 --> 00:46:35.690 depending on how many lists you have with those. 00:46:36.560 --> 00:46:39.110 Or you could allow the double voicing of the bullet. 00:46:39.110 --> 00:46:41.180 It's not a barrier to accessibility, 00:46:41.180 --> 00:46:42.780 but it's a nuisance. 00:46:44.200 --> 00:46:47.160 You can actually go and vote for Adobe to fix these, 00:46:47.160 --> 00:46:52.510 and some other bugs, at the InDesign.uservoice.com website. 00:46:53.080 --> 00:46:56.090 Then you can visit PubCom's webpage, 00:46:56.810 --> 00:46:59.000 which is a link in your PDF, 00:46:59.000 --> 00:47:00.590 to learn which items to vote for. 00:47:00.590 --> 00:47:03.960 PubCom is who trained me three years ago 00:47:03.960 --> 00:47:05.560 in accessibility with InDesign. 00:47:08.480 --> 00:47:12.300 Okay, so then my company is Gratzer Graphics, 00:47:12.300 --> 00:47:15.460 and we do branding, publications and accessibility work. 00:47:16.280 --> 00:47:18.870 And my other company is Creative Boost -- 00:47:18.870 --> 00:47:20.740 I have a lot of resources for designers, 00:47:20.740 --> 00:47:23.380 and the Design Domination podcast. 00:47:24.260 --> 00:47:26.550 And that's it -- Creative-Boost.com. 00:47:26.550 --> 00:47:28.320 And then PubCom, like I said, 00:47:28.320 --> 00:47:33.410 who trained me in accessibility with InDesign, is PubCom.com. 00:47:33.410 --> 00:47:36.130 These are all linked in your PDF as well. 00:47:38.160 --> 00:47:48.350 Okay. Questions? Yes? 00:47:48.900 --> 00:47:57.510 >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Org charts? Uh-huh? 00:47:57.510 --> 00:47:58.930 >> Yeah, and I've confirmed the PDF, 00:47:58.930 --> 00:48:01.980 as some people don't have Vizio, and stuff like that. 00:48:04.640 --> 00:48:08.790 Sorry, I put org charts on our webpage, you know, 00:48:08.790 --> 00:48:10.620 some people see the structure of who's the boss, 00:48:10.620 --> 00:48:11.900 and things like that. 00:48:11.900 --> 00:48:13.110 >> Right. 00:48:13.110 --> 00:48:15.340 >> But I put them in there as PDFs 00:48:16.650 --> 00:48:19.080 because a lot of people don't have Vizio. 00:48:19.080 --> 00:48:20.320 >> Right. 00:48:20.320 --> 00:48:25.950 >> So is there a way to also check that for accessibility? 00:48:26.850 --> 00:48:30.910 Do I just run some kind of PDF scan for the chart as well? 00:48:32.380 --> 00:48:34.450 Or, I'm not sure how I would do that. 00:48:34.450 --> 00:48:36.120 >> You're creating it in InDesign? 00:48:38.140 --> 00:48:40.710 >> I have never heard of InDesign before, so no. 00:48:40.710 --> 00:48:47.210 These are our -- we have an inside Indian Affairs webpage 00:48:47.210 --> 00:48:50.380 that we use here at Interior. 00:48:50.380 --> 00:48:52.050 >> Yeah, so if you're not starting with InDesign, 00:48:52.050 --> 00:48:53.720 I'm not quite sure what to tell you, then. 00:48:53.720 --> 00:48:58.100 >> Oh, okay. I guess that's why we have IT, I guess. 00:49:05.550 --> 00:49:07.560 >> I'm sorry, let me try to tackle that. 00:49:08.480 --> 00:49:11.370 You said that you work for Indian Affairs? Is that right? 00:49:12.000 --> 00:49:13.320 >> Yes. >> Okay. 00:49:13.320 --> 00:49:17.970 So have you reached out to your 508 coordinator, Tony Morris? 00:49:17.970 --> 00:49:19.320 >> Yeah, I'll follow up with him. 00:49:19.320 --> 00:49:21.270 >> Yeah, he may have some ideas. 00:49:21.270 --> 00:49:23.010 >> Okay. >> If not, then send me an email 00:49:23.010 --> 00:49:25.130 and we'll try to research that for you. Okay? 00:49:25.130 --> 00:49:26.929 >> Okay, thank you. >> Yep, you're welcome. 00:49:30.990 --> 00:49:34.760 >> Yes? >> If you have tables -- 00:49:34.760 --> 00:49:36.360 >> Please wait for the mic, please. 00:49:37.250 --> 00:49:39.299 >> If you have tables that need to be blank, 00:49:39.920 --> 00:49:41.720 what would be the difference in putting a dash -- 00:49:41.720 --> 00:49:44.440 or you said you have to put something in there. 00:49:44.440 --> 00:49:46.090 >> Oh, if you have table cells that are blank? 00:49:46.090 --> 00:49:47.320 >> Yes. 00:49:47.320 --> 00:49:50.560 >> Yeah, I would just probably put an en dash or a hyphen, 00:49:50.560 --> 00:49:51.760 or something like that. 00:49:51.760 --> 00:49:54.880 That's what I've used, and that's worked. 00:49:55.930 --> 00:49:59.360 >> If you were to leave it blank, how would it be read? 00:50:01.050 --> 00:50:03.110 Or would that cause any problems? 00:50:03.110 --> 00:50:05.190 >> Yeah, I don't know exactly how it gets read. 00:50:05.190 --> 00:50:10.470 I mean, I was taught to put something in there, 00:50:11.020 --> 00:50:14.340 to note that it is intentionally left empty. 00:50:14.340 --> 00:50:18.390 So I'm not quite sure what happens otherwise. 00:50:18.390 --> 00:50:21.660 Then it might cause problems with it being read, 00:50:21.660 --> 00:50:23.260 if it's just left empty. 00:50:33.570 --> 00:50:35.790 That can't be all the questions. I saw some quizzical faces. 00:50:35.790 --> 00:50:49.900 >> We have a question in the Chat. 00:50:49.900 --> 00:50:51.660 >> Oh, there's a Chat? 00:50:51.660 --> 00:50:55.500 >> Are links to possible test documents that we can work 00:50:55.500 --> 00:50:58.760 with and follow the instructions given in the presentation, 00:50:58.760 --> 00:51:00.860 are they provided with materials 00:51:00.860 --> 00:51:03.080 that are being sent out, I think? 00:51:03.080 --> 00:51:07.700 >> No. What I created was just a clickable PDF version of this, 00:51:07.700 --> 00:51:09.080 so you'd be able to reference this. 00:51:09.080 --> 00:51:11.940 But there's not additional documents with it. 00:51:11.940 --> 00:51:14.260 >> Oh, okay, yeah. 00:51:14.260 --> 00:51:18.210 Since it was a very thorough tutorial, I thought something -- 00:51:18.210 --> 00:51:20.360 it would be helpful if we had something 00:51:20.920 --> 00:51:24.590 that we could work with as just practice items in InDesign 00:51:24.590 --> 00:51:26.640 to follow along with that, and get a muscle -- 00:51:26.640 --> 00:51:28.020 build muscle into memory. 00:51:28.020 --> 00:51:30.550 >> So what I would suggest for that is to go ahead -- 00:51:31.100 --> 00:51:33.200 so with the default styles, you could go ahead 00:51:33.200 --> 00:51:36.680 and create those on your own with no documents open 00:51:36.680 --> 00:51:39.220 and get that out of the way. Then for a practice document, 00:51:39.220 --> 00:51:42.940 you could just fill a Text Frame with placeholder text. 00:51:42.940 --> 00:51:45.640 Then just go in and start using some of those styles, 00:51:45.640 --> 00:51:48.000 like the H1, H2, and format some stuff, 00:51:48.000 --> 00:51:51.530 and just add a Sidebar, anchor an image, 00:51:52.040 --> 00:51:53.940 and then play around with that. 00:51:53.940 --> 00:51:55.150 >> All right, yeah, 00:51:55.150 --> 00:51:57.670 that should be helpful with developing those skills. 00:51:57.670 --> 00:51:59.920 >> Email me if you have some questions about it. 00:52:01.150 --> 00:52:04.050 >> We've had a bunch just pop in from the field. 00:52:04.990 --> 00:52:07.110 What is meant by "threading?" 00:52:08.980 --> 00:52:11.370 >> Okay, so threading is when you're linking 00:52:11.370 --> 00:52:13.400 your Text Frames together. 00:52:13.950 --> 00:52:27.860 So in this example, this first page of the Table of Contents, 00:52:30.520 --> 00:52:33.990 it's threaded to that second frame. 00:52:36.500 --> 00:52:41.470 >> Okay. The next one is, other than best practices, 00:52:41.470 --> 00:52:44.970 what effect can overrides have on a 508 document? 00:52:46.130 --> 00:52:51.870 >> It can cause errors, it can cause issues with it being read. 00:52:54.000 --> 00:52:58.010 >> And the third one says, it sounds to me 00:52:58.010 --> 00:53:00.430 like consistently using styles 00:53:00.430 --> 00:53:03.260 and other methods you're telling us to use 00:53:03.260 --> 00:53:08.550 not only ensures the XML works right, 00:53:08.550 --> 00:53:17.080 but the InDesign document works with Typefi too. 00:53:17.080 --> 00:53:19.400 T-Y-P-E-F-I. 00:53:23.320 --> 00:53:28.730 >> What was it again? I have no idea what that is. 00:53:29.280 --> 00:53:33.190 I don't work in XML, and I don't know what that other one is. 00:53:33.190 --> 00:53:37.150 But if you format something for accessibility, 00:53:37.150 --> 00:53:38.860 it makes for a very clean document 00:53:38.860 --> 00:53:42.740 that you can then take with little effort to create an epub, 00:53:42.740 --> 00:53:44.030 and any other kind of documents, 00:53:44.030 --> 00:53:45.700 because everything is formatted properly. 00:53:45.700 --> 00:53:49.730 Not just in terms of visuals, it's properly formatted 00:53:49.730 --> 00:53:51.660 in terms of the hierarchy of the document, 00:53:51.660 --> 00:53:56.200 and that makes it easier to be read properly by any device. 00:53:59.070 --> 00:54:00.670 Any more questions? 00:54:03.010 --> 00:54:06.210 You can always send me an email if you think of something later. 00:54:07.660 --> 00:54:10.150 >> Okay. Thanks very much.